At midlevelu, we road tested several lab interpretation apps to determine which are the most useful resources for nurse practitioners. Complete blood count cbc normal ranges, test results, chart. Kidney disease and dehydration can also affect chloride values. The most frequently used tests such as complete blood count cbc, electrolytes and blood chemistries, and urinalysis ua are provided first, followed by other clinical and diagnostic tests grouped by disease state or body system. The blood is collected via venipuncture in a standard 10ml redtop tube. The primary points of interest in the cbc are often whether a patient is anaemic, whether the white count shows evidence of infection and whether the platelets are at a level that may affect haemostasis. Diagnostic and laboratory tests are tools that provide invaluable insights and information about the patient. Reference values vary based on several factors, including the demographics of the healthy population from which specimens were obtained and the specific methods andor. It presents normal initial levels of hemoglobin which do not exclude a significant. In adults, lymphocytes account for about 2040% of the total number of white blood cells. The reference values provided in these tables should be used as guidelines only. The complete blood count cbc is the most frequently requested blood test in new zealand.
Includes differential diagnoses, stepbystep approaches, and algorithms, all designed to answer your lab test questions in. Chronic considerations of the therapeutic intervention d. Your body needs to have the right amount of the mineral potassium so that your nerves, muscles, cells, and heart are working well. Only about 61% of adults with hepatitis c knew that they were infected. Acute hepatitis c cases tripled from 2009 to 2018 and was highest among young adults. You will understand the labs due to brief descriptions on each lab values 4. The goal of this article is to assist pediatric nurses with the interpretation of common pediatric laboratory values including the complete blood count cbc with differential and liver function tests lfts. This lab value is almost never ordered or evaluated alone, rather compare with sodium and other cmp values for a more complete clinical picture. Pediatric laboratory interpretation, however, is a commonly misunderstood component of this comprehensive nursing care triad. Complete blood count using hmx nhanes 20112012 4 the coulter hmx hematology analyzer is a quantitative, automated hematology analyzers and leukocyte differential cell counters for in vitro diagnostic use in clinical laboratories. White blood cell count wbc is the number of white blood cells in a volume of blood. These normal values will vary slightly according to altitude.
Recognize normal ranges for common laboratory values in adults. Your doctor may order a blood test to make sure your potassium in. Press f4 print to print this final calibration screen for the log book. Complete blood count is overutilized in acute infectious illness. Inside, find practical approaches to the interpretation of abnormal lab tests. Mean corpuscular volume mcv complete blood count cbc. Laboratory variables relevant to hematologic diagnosis normal adult values.
You will understand what causes increased and decreased levels. Understanding and interpretation of lab tests made exceedingly easy by clinlab navigator to go tom lewis september 7, 2011 it wasnt all that long ago that a lowgrade fever, chest pain, a slightly elevated white count was the basis of diagnosis for a heart attack. Racialethnicspecific reference intervals for common. Understanding and interpretation of lab tests made. Table 1, complete blood count blood groups and red cell. Much of the time, however, there is no need to worry. A device called a hematocrit is used to determine the percentage of your blood volume that is packed with red blood cells. Understanding blood counts leukemia and lymphoma society. Most lymphocytes are shortlived, with an average lifespan of a week to several months, but some live for years. Academy of acute care physical therapy apta task force. Remember to check with your lab, as normal values may be different in different labs. All the laboratory tests in standard biochemistry profile and complete blood count with 5part differential in whole blood data were utilized from the nhanes 20112012 laboratory data. That way, you can discuss any unusual results facetoface.
Com is presenting a series of courses on lab values. As the sample, prepared for differential analysis, streams through the flow cell these three. Clinical interpretation of laboratory tests, 11th edition, f. Therefore, the reference ranges quoted are only approximate. Thus, a clinician might be more willing to mobilize a patient with a belownormal value who is younger and has overall more reserve. Jones, a 54yearold male was admitted this morning with gi bleeding. Automatic interpretation of the complete blood count cbc with differential. Reference values intervals for blood, urine, csf, stool, and other fluids eg, gastric acid and commonly used panels are included. Elements of the complete blood count associated with.
Our aim was to assess the associations of prediagnostic cbc with incidence of cvd in 14,362 adults free of cvd and aged 47. Interpreting your childs lab results when you get a list of labs back from your doctor or hospital, your eye is drawn immediately to the starred or highlighted results that came back abnormal. A complete blood count cbc is the number and types of cells circulating in your blood. Knowing that any of your childs results have come back abnormal can be disconcerting. Complete blood count cbc sedimentation rate hemostasis coagulation profiles. Lab tests are used to help confirm a diagnosis, monitor an illness, and the patients response to treatment. This book should be of help to nursing in understanding some of the more common tests which are conducted. For females, a normal result is a little lower, with a range between 36. Laboratory values see inside back cover for continuation. Perform a complete blood count cbc in duplicate on all survey participants age 1. Introduction to normal values reference ranges your patient, mr. You will feel confident when evaluating labs for your patients.
I was looking for something to help me interpret my test results. No special instructions need to be given to the patient except for explaining the procedure. Explain the significance of abnormal high and low results for each of the most common and most important laboratory values. Hypoglycemia, liver disease, adrenal insufficiency, excess insulin. Cbc tips and notation simple explanation of cnc interpretation. Cholinesterase tests chromogranin a chromosome analysis karyotyping chymotrypsin ckmb. Weatherbys book covers the common cbc complete blood test also known as a. Interpretation of clinical laboratory data pharmacy. Although the reports we receive often indicate high or low values, understanding the true meaning of these values in the context of the patients condition, history and other factors is critical to safe care of the patient. In general, therapy should target a a1c level of 6. A complete blood count cbc is a blood test used to evaluate your overall health and detect a wide range of disorders. The complete blood count cbc includes several tests that evaluate red blood cells that carry oxygen, white blood cells that fight infections and.
Their normal concentration in blood varies between 4000 and 0 per microliter. Abc of cbc 1st edition pdf with images histogram, cbc. Identify normal chemistry values for the adult patient define the normal range of laboratory values for components of. Lymphocytes are a subtype of white blood cell leukocyte that is a key element of the immune system. Discuss the relevance of each lab value to the associated body system.
Designed for medical staff in training and in practice, each lab contains important clinical information, critical lab values, differential diagnoses, tube colors, useful websites, and easy access to related lab values needed for work in a hospital or primary practice. Its a good idea to schedule a doctors appointment after undergoing lab work. Coulter uses the value for pdw as an internal check on the reported platelet. Evaluation of labs by nursing staff is a critical function. This can also be referred to as the leukocyte count and can be expressed in international units as 4. Complete blood count cbc is widely available in clinical practice but utility as potential risk factors for cardiovascular disease cvd is uncertain. Utilizing a casebased approach, she will explore a large variety of labs, why they are ordered, and what the results tell us about our patients. Complete blood count cbc case lab results interpretation. Lab values and their meanings forward the laboratory services are very pleased to see this report. Thus, any given result should be interpreted based on the reference value of the laboratory in which the test was done. Knowing the different normal lab values is an important step in making an informed clinical decision as a nurse. Reference ranges and what they mean lab tests online.
We cant stop using these 3 lab interpretation apps. Normal mcv values may vary slightly among different laboratories. Basic laboratory tests complete blood counts cbc test alternative names units usual normal range examples of conditions in which abnormal values occur hemoglobin hb or hgb gdl males. Ccrn, cmsrn, clnc, nlcp, demystifies both the common and less frequently seen lab values. The mean corpuscular volume mcv is a measure of the average volume of red blood cells. Medcram medical lectures explained clearly 20,952 views 8. Normal laboratory values merck manuals professional edition. Your cbc is measured using laboratory tests that require a small blood sample. This book seems more like a study guide for people in the medical profession. Lower and upper limits of normal range were defined as 2.
Table of normal values williams manual of hematology, 9e. The white blood cell and differential count clinical methods. A reference range is a set of values that includes upper and lower limits of a lab test based on a group of otherwise healthy people. But its also important to screen for flu, and also get a complete blood count and cultures if theres some sort of suspicion of infection. Red cells, sometimes referred to as erythrocytes, pick up oxygen as blood passes through the lungs and release it to the cells in the.
The results reported on the lab slip are within normal range. The abc of cbc interpretation of complete blood count and histograms by. Pocket lab values is the perfect companion for medical professionals with access to over 320 common and uncommon lab values. By comparing your test results with reference values, you and your healthcare provider can see if any of your test results fall outside the range of expected values and gain clues to help identify possible conditions or diseases. Normal range varies slightly between laboratories but is generally between 4,300 and 10,800 cells per cubic millimeter cmm. Identify common causes for abnormal laboratory values. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.